Pipe-joint.



Patented Dec. 24, IQUI,

G. F. RYAN.

PIPE JOINT.

(Applimion med Feb. e, 1901.)

(-'No Medela) zi/ez/w v George Walzen Ryan v Idir-Marne ,r

by W Patented Dec. 24, 190|.

6. F. RYAN? PIPE JOINT.

(Applieation lsd Feb. 6, 1901.)

2v sums-sheet 2.

v (No Model.)

...LIF

VIO

UNITED STATES f PATENT iOEEicE..

GEORGE F. RYAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-THIRD TO ELLA M. COZENS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PIPE-JOINT.

I SPECIFICATION forming part f Letters Patent N0. 689,624, dated Decemberv24, 1901.

Application filed February 6, 1901. Serial No. 46,176 (N0 mden To allv whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, GEORGE F. RYAN, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pipe-Joints; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and

to the letters of reference marked thereon,

. connect a metallic pipe or like annular part with a non-metallic pipe-such, for instance, as the connection of a metallic -sol-pipe with au earthware sewer-pipe. Certain of the features of the invention may, however, be employed to connect two metallic pipes, as will hereinafter more fully appear.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is alongitudinal section of the adjacent ends of an earthenware and a metallic pipe, showing my invention applied thereto, such section being taken on line l 1 of Fig. 2. Fig.` 2 is a transverse section on line 2 2 of Fig. l looking in the direction indicated by the arrow. Fig. 3 is a similar section looking in the opposite direction.' Fig. 4 is a modification of that part ofl the joint associated with the earthenware pipe. Fig. 5 is a plan sectional view of my improvement applied to -a cleaning-,out connection of 'a sewer-pipeor'for analogous use."

Fig. 6 is a side` elevation thereof. Fig. 7 is a transverse section on the line 7 7 of Fig. 5.

As shown in said drawings, A and B indicate, respectively, the adjacent ends of a metallicsoil-pipe and an earthenware sewerpipe, the pipe A being made of less diameter than the pipe B andv extending thereinto.

B' is a metal collar C, which extends with its margin to the outer margin of the flange B' and is provided with a plurality of radiallyextending apertured lugs C. Said collar may be solid or of open construction, as desired.

D designates a ring which enters at its inner end the socket B2 and is adjustably connected with the collar C, which surrounds the soil-pipe A. Said-ring is cylindric in its 'main part and provided on its inner margin with an annular surface facing the end of the body of the pipe B', the same being formed on a iiat ange D', disposed perpendicularly to the axes of the pipes A and B andextending radially from both sides of the ring. Located' inside of said tlat annular flange D of the ring D and at the bottom of the socket B2 is an annular seat or shoulder B3, constituting, in effect, the end of the pipe B. Interposed between said lange D' and the annular seat B3 is an annular gasket E, made of rubber or any suitable yielding material. Such gasket is adapted to be compressed between the ange D' and seat B3 by pressure applied to the ring D, and thereby make a tight joint between said parts. Said` ring is connected with the collar C by devices adapted for applying such inward pressure, the ring being provid ed with outwardly-projecting apertured lugs d, through which pass screwbolts F, said bolts having screw-threaded engagement with the apertured lugs C of the collar C.

G designates a second ring surrounding the pipe A and with its inner end located within the cylindric part of the ring D. Between the inner end of said ring G and the radially inner part of the iiange D of the ring Dis interposed a yielding gasket H. Said gasket is adapted to be compressed between said parts by pressure applied to the ring Gin a manner to force said ring radially inwardly. The pressu re is -applied to said ring G through the medium of screw-bolts g,'which pass through apertured lugs g', extending radially IOO shown in Fig. l, and the adjacent end of the ring G is correspondingly inclined, the inclination of said parts being such that when inward pressure is applied to said ring by the means described it will act to expand the said gasket H laterally inwardly against the adjacent surface of the pipe, and thereby prevent the escape of fluid between the ring D and said pipe.

In Fig. 4 I have shown a modification of that part of the device associated with the earthenware pipe which is adapted to form part of a connection between a metallic pipe and an unflanged earthenware pipe B4. In this instance the pipe is provided with a metallic collar or tube B5, having a cylindric part b, which embraces the plain end of the pipe and which is provided beyond the end of the pipe with a cylindric ange B6, larger in diameter than the collar Bfand forming a socket similar to that formed by the flange B of the pipe shown in Fig. 1. Said cylindric part of the sleeve or tube is attached to the pipe B4 by means of bolts b passing through the overlapping parts thereof. V'Vater-tight joints will be formed between the bolts and the pipe by cement or the like. Said flange BG is provided at its margin with a plurality of radially-extending apertured lugs U, which are internally screw-threaded to receive screw-bolts like the bolts I" of the construction previously described, it being understood that the parts of the pipe-joint inclosed within said ilange Bare like the similar part-s shown in Fig. l.

In Figs. 5, 6, and 7 I have shown my invention applied to a short lateral branch of a sewer-pipe employed to afford a cleaning-opening in the pipe, the construction being designed to afford a {luid-tight joint between such a branch -pipe and a closure therefor. As shown in said figures, B7 designates an earthenware sewer pipe provided with a branch B8. Said branch B8 is formed at its end to provide an enlarged flange B9, which flange forms a socket at the end of the pipe like the socket B2 of the pipe B. (Shown in Fig. l.) I designates a collar shaped to embrace said ilange and is similar in form and purpose to the collar C of the construction shown in Fig. l. Said collar I is in this construction made of two parts or segments joined by bolts t", passing through overlapping lugs t2, formed on the ends of said segments. This construction is provided to facilitate the placing of the collar on the pipe. Said collar is provided at its margin with a plurality of radially-directed apertured lugs t, located at the outer margin of the flange B9. J designates a ring which enters at its inner end the socket inclosed by the flange B9, said ring being provided at its inner margin with a radially outwardly directed flange Between said flange and a seat B10, formed at the bottom of said socket and surrounding the opening in said branch pipe, is a gasket K, made of yielding material and which is adapted to be compressed between the lange j and said seat by pressure brought upon the ring. Said pressure is applied to the ring through the medium of screw-bolts L, which pass through apertured lugs j', extending radially outwardly from the ring J, and which bolts have screw-threaded engagement with the apertured lugsj of the collar I. The ring Jforms, in effect, an extension of the branch BS, and the outer end of said ring is closed by a cap or closure M, which fits thereover and which is provided with an inwardly-directed ilange M', which enters the open end of said ring J. The said flange l\ of the closure is provided with aconical or beveled and ground surface m at its inner end, which surface seats against a corresponding beveled seat in the interior ot the ring J. The closure is attached to the ring J by means of screw-bolts N, which pass through apertured lugs n of said lugs and engage corresponding apertured lugs L7'2 on the ring J. lVith this construction the beveled margin of the flange M' may be forced tightly against the beveled seat in the ring, so that a fluid-tight joint is provided at this place. In order to further provide against the escape of fluid between the closure and the ring J, said closure is constructed to overlap thc outer end of said ring, and interposed between said overlapping parts of the ring and closure is a yielding gasket O, which is compressed between said parts by the action of the screw-bolts N. The same construction shown in Fig. 5 may be used to connect the end of a metallic pipe with an earthenware pipe, it being obvious that the end of such metallic pipe may be fitted to enter the ring J and provided with a beveled end surface fitting on the beveled seat in said ring, the end of the pipe in that case corresponding with the flange AM. (Shown in said Fig. 5.) When the construction described is used in connection with a sewer and the sewer is to be inspected, the closure is removed by first removing the bolts N, and when the closure is removed an opening the full size of the sewer-pipe is alorded, through which access may be had to the sewer. It will be observed that the ring J constitutes, in effect, an extension of the branch pipe and remains immovable in the pipe after being once adjusted therein. The construction shown in Figs. 5, v6, and 7 may be used for cellar and area drains or for vent connections, fresh-air inlets, and the like.

By the constructions described I am enabled to connect a metallic to a non-metallic pipe and at the same time to provide between said pipes a joint which is fluid-tight even when said pipes contain [luid under considerable pressure. A practical difticulty attending the joining of metallic and non-metallic pipes to provide a {luid-tight joint is, first, that interfitting connections cannot be formed on the non-metallic pipe-such, for

instance, as screwLthreads-by which the same may be clamped upon another pipe, and, secondly, that such material cannot be tinished so accurately as metal to provide smooth contact-surfaces between the parts such as will prevent escape of iiuid past the same. With my invention, on the other hand, it is'possible to provide between a metallic and nonmetallic pipe or like annular part as tight a joint as can be formed between two metallic pipes, so that it is possible to join a metallic and non-metallic pipe and use they same for carrying fluids under considerable pressure and which will at all times assure against the escape of gas at such joints. j

The devices hereinbefore described are of special value for plumbers usein making water and gas tight joints between earthenware sewer-pipes and metallic soil-pipes to take the place of the cement joints heretofore commonly used between such pipes, it being obvious that the construction described affords a joint between such earthenware and metallic pipes as will prevent Water or sewergas from passing through such joint even When the joint is subjected to considerable pressure. Obviously the joint made as described, and shown in Fig. l, can be used as an expansion-joint between iioors, in connection with metal soil-pipes or the like, or in any other place or position wherein gas and water tight and at the same time a movable or sliding joint is required. j

The collar C (shown in Fig. l) mayi'bemade in two parts, like the collare?, (shown in Fig. 5,) so that the collar when made in two pieces, as described, enables the coupling to be used in vcases where it is impossible to take out a length of pipe, as where making connection with a pipe of an old sewer already in place, the construction of said collar in sections obviously making unnecessary the disturbing of the old sewer connections.

A clean-out opening or connection made in the manner described has similar advantages-that is to say, the cover of said cleanout opening can be removed and replaced without disturbing the sewer-pipes or the col,- lar which is attached thereto. Moreover, in the construction described the removal of the cover aifords an opening the full size of the sewer-pipe and not only gives the workmen ample room to work and a larger opening than is provided by breaking a hole through the sewer-pipe, as has heretofore commonly been done for cleaning sewers when stopped up, but prevents permanent injury to a pipe occasioned by breaking such holes. It is well known that after a workman has broken holes in a sewer-pipe the sewer is practically ruined, for the reason that the backwater-pressure is liable to force O the patches put over the holes necessarily made by the workmen, allowing sewer-gas to escape and sewage to saturate the ground. The clean-out connection described prevents all such trouble, because when the sewer is once properly laid and a clean-out connection put in at every twenty feet or less the sewer may be cleaned out at any time and will be in the same condition after years of service as when first placed in position. A workman cleaning a sewer thus constructed has no reason for destroying or injuring the sewer at all, for all he needs to do in case of a stoppage is to take 0E the iron cover of the clean-out opening, do the required work, and then replace the cover. The joint described for the clean-out connection can also be used for area or cellar drains, and in such cases the cover may be used to close the sewerinlet in the case of a backwater or flood. The pipe connection described can/also be used on down-spouts for vent connections and in freshair inlets for sewers. The form of construction shown in Fig. 4 is more especially designed for use in connection with sewer-pipes without hubs, or what is known as a ring-pipe, it being obvious that the collar illustrated in said Fig. 4 may be placed over the end of a ring sewer-pipe which has already been laid and connect the same by bolts, as shown, the bolts being inserted through bolt-holes drilled in both the-iron sleeve and the sewer-pipe to accommodate said bolts.

The bolts used for securing together the several parts of the 'connecting device described will preferably be made ofrcopper or brass, the use of such bolts in connection with iron parts or castings preventing the bolts and iron parts from adhering together by rust, so that the bolts may be taken out IOO at any time without destroying or injuring the bolts or iron parts. Brass or copper bolts are also preferably used for connecting the collar shown in Fig. 4 with the sewer-pipe in order to give greater durability to said bolts.

As before stated, some of the features herein disclosed may be employed for connecting metal pipes. It will be further obvious that many changes may be made'in the details of construction without departing from the spirit of the invention, and I do not wish to be limited to such details, except as hereinafter made the subject of specific claims.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination with a non-metallic pipe and a metallic pipe which enters the end of the non-metallic pipe, said non-metallic pipe being iianged at its end which receives the metallic pipe to form a hub, of a metal cup-shaped ring embracing said hub and a packing connected with said ring and located in said hub for forming a duid-tight joint between said pipes.

2. The combination with a metallic and a non-metallic pipe, the latter being provided at its end with a flange forming a hub, and the metallic pipe entering the non-metallic pipe through and beyond said hub, of a metal cup-shaped ring which embraces said hub, and a packing connected with said ring for forming a fluid-tight joint between said pipes.

3. The combination with a metallic and a non-metallic pipe, the latter being provided lIO at its end with a flange forming a liub, and the metallic pipe entering the non-metallic pipe through and beyond said hub, of' a metallic cup-shaped ring which embraces said hub and a packing-ring located inside ot' said hub and with which the outer margin of the cup-shaped ring is connected.

4. The combination with a metallic pipe and a non-metallic pipe, the latter being provided at its end with a flange forming a hub, and the non-metallic pipe entering said hub, of a cup-shaped ring embracing said hub and provided at its outer margin with apertured lugs, and a packing-ring in said hub embracing the metal pipe and connected with said apertured lugs.

5. The combination with a non-metallic pipe provided at its end with a flange forming a hub, of a metal ring embracing said hub with its outer margin substantially flush with the margin of the hub and provided at said outer margin with apertured lugs.

6. The combination with a non metallic pipe provided at its end with a flange forming a hub, of a metal ring embracing said hub with its outer margin substantially flush with the margin of the hub and provided at said outer margin with apertured lugs, said ring being made of two similar parts and said parts being provided at their adjacent ends with overlapping lugs by which said parts are fastened together.

'7. A pipe-joint comprising a part which has interfitting attachment with one of the pipes, airing surrounding the other pipe and adjustably connected with said interfitting part s0 as to move toward and away from the rstmentioned pipe, a packing interposed between said ring and an annular seat surrounding the bore of said first-mentioned pipe, a second ring surrounding said pipe and entering the outer end of said first ring and adjustably connected therewith, and a second gas= ket interposed between said first and second rings and constructed, when pressure is applied thereto, to be expanded inwardly against the surface of the pipe within it.

8. A pipe-joint for connecting two pipes, one of which is provided with an enlarged or flanged end forming a socket at the end of the pipe, comprising a collar embracing said flange, a ring surrounding one of the pipes and entering said socket and provided at its inner end with a flat flange disposed perpendicularly to the axes of the pipes, a gasket interposed between said flat flange and-an annular seat at the bottom of said socket, a second ring entering the first ring and adjustably connected therewith, and a gasket interposed between said second ring and the flange on the first ring, said parts being constructed to expand said second gasket inwardly against the surface of the pipe, within it.

9. The conbination with a pipe provided at its end with an enlarged flange inclosing a socket at the end ot' the pipe, a collar embrac ing said flange, a ring entering said socket and adjustably connected With said collar, a gasket interposed between the inner end of said ring and a seat at the bottom ot' said socket, a second ring or annular part entering the outer end of the first ring and adjust ably connected with the first ring, and means affording a fluid-tight joint between said rings.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I aix my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this 2d day of February, A. D. 1901.

GEORGE F. RYAN.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM L. HALL, GERTRUDE BRYCE. 

